Abdulah R, Faried A, Kobayashi K, et al. Selenium enrichment of broccoli sprout extract increases chemosensitivity and apoptosis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells.Temporal changes in gene expression induced by sulforaphane in human prostate cancer cells.Brooks JD, Paton VG, Vidanes G.
Potent induction of phase 2 enzymes in human prostate cells by sulforaphane.Clarke JD, Dashwood RH, Ho E. Multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane.Dashwood RH, Ho E. Dietary histone deacetylase inhibitors: from cells to mice to man.Dinkova-Kostova AT, Fahey JW, Benedict AL, et al.
Dietary glucoraphanin-rich broccoli sprout extracts protect against UV radiation-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice.Dinkova-Kostova AT, Jenkins SN, Fahey JW, et al. Protection against UV-light-induced skin carcinogenesis in SKH-1 high-risk mice by sulforaphane-containing broccoli sprout extracts.Egner PA, Kensler TW, Chen JG, et al. Quantification of sulforaphane mercapturic acid pathway conjugates in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry.Fahey JW, Haristoy X, Dolan PM, et al. Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular, intracellular, and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo[a]pyrene-induced stomach tumors.Fahey JW, Zhang Y, Talalay P. Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens.Comparison of the stress response of Listeria monocytogenes strains with sprout colonization.Haristoy X, Angioi-Duprez K, Duprez A, Lozniewski A. Efficacy of sulforaphane in eradicating Helicobacter pylori in human gastric xenografts implanted in nude mice.Effects of glucosinolate-rich broccoli sprouts on urinary levels of aflatoxin-DNA adducts and phenanthrene tetraols in a randomized clinical trial in He Zuo township, Qidong, People's Republic of China.Kerns ML, DePianto D, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Talalay P, Coulombe PA.
Reprogramming of keratin biosynthesis by sulforaphane restores skin integrity in epidermolysis bullosa simplex.Keum YS, Khor TO, Lin W, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of broccoli sprouts on the suppression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice: implication of induction of Nrf2, HO-1 and apoptosis and the suppression of Akt-dependent kinase pathway.Nrf2 activation by sulforaphane restores the age-related decrease of T(H)1 immunity: role of dendritic cells.Lee, S. Y., Shin, Y. W., and Hahm, K. B. Phytoceuticals: mighty but ignored weapons against Helicobacter pylori infection.Li Y, Zhang T, Korkaya H, et al.
Sulforaphane, a dietary component of broccoli/broccoli sprouts, inhibits breast cancer stem cells.Heating decreases epithiospecifier protein activity and increases sulforaphane formation in broccoli.Moon JK, Kim JR, Ahn YJ, Shibamoto T. Analysis and anti-Helicobacter activity of sulforaphane and related compounds present in broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L.) sprouts.Phase 1 study of multiple biomarkers for metabolism and oxidative stress after one-week intake of broccoli sprouts.Myzak MC, Karplus PA, Chung FL, Dashwood RH.Modulation of histone deacetylase activity by dietary isothiocyanates and allyl sulfides: studies with sulforaphane and garlic organosulfur compounds.Riedl MA, Saxon A, Diaz-Sanchez D. Oral sulforaphane increases Phase II antioxidant enzymes in the human upper airway.Shapiro TA, Fahey JW, Dinkova-Kostova AT, et al.
Safety, tolerance, and metabolism of broccoli sprout glucosinolates and isothiocyanates: a clinical phase I study.Shapiro TA, Fahey JW, Wade KL, Stephenson KK, Talalay P. Chemoprotective glucosinolates and isothiocyanates of broccoli sprouts: metabolism and excretion in humans.Talalay P, Fahey JW, Healy ZR, et al. Sulforaphane mobilizes cellular defenses that protect skin against damage by UV radiation.Potent activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and arrest in S and M phases of cancer cells by a broccoli sprout extract.Tanito M, Masutani H, Kim YC, et al. Sulforaphane induces thioredoxin through the antioxidant-responsive element and attenuates retinal light damage in mice.West L, Tsui I, Haas G. Single column approach for the liquid chromatographic separation of polar and non-polar glucosinolates from broccoli sprouts and seeds.Wu L, Noyan Ashraf MH, Facci M, et al. Dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress, hypertension, and inflammation in the cardiovascular system.Yanaka A, Fahey JW, Fukumoto A, et al.
Dietary sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts reduce colonization and attenuate gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice and humans.Yanaka A, Zhang S, Tauchi M, et al. Role of the nrf-2 gene in protection and repair of gastric mucosa against oxidative stress.Disposition of glucosinolates and sulforaphane in humans after ingestion of steamed and fresh broccoli.Egner PA, Kensler TW, Chen JG, et al. Quantification of sulforaphane mercapturic acid pathway conjugates in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry.Fahey JW, Zhang Y, Talalay P.
Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens.Comparison of the stress response of Listeria monocytogenes strains with sprout colonization.Effects of dietary broccoli on human in vivo caffeine metabolism: a pilot study on a group of Jordanian volunteers.Effects of glucosinolate-rich broccoli sprouts on urinary levels of aflatoxin-DNA adducts and phenanthrene tetraols in a randomized clinical trial in He Zuo township, Qidong, People's Republic of China.Keum YS, Khor TO, Lin W, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of broccoli sprouts on the suppression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice: implication of induction of Nrf2, HO-1 and apoptosis and the suppression of Akt-dependent kinase pathway.Kikuchi M, Ushida Y, Shiozawa H, et al.
Sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract improves hepatic abnormalities in male subjects.Shapiro TA, Fahey JW, Dinkova-Kostova AT, et al. Safety, tolerance, and metabolism of broccoli sprout glucosinolates and isothiocyanates: a clinical phase I study.Shapiro TA, Fahey JW, Wade KL, Stephenson KK, Talalay P. Chemoprotective glucosinolates and isothiocyanates of broccoli sprouts: metabolism and excretion in humans.Shiina A, Kanahara N, Sasaki T, et al. An open study of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract in patients with schizophrenia.van Die MD, Williams SG, Emery J, et al.
A placebo-controlled double-blinded randomized pilot study of combination phytotherapy in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.West L, Tsui I, Haas G. Single column approach for the liquid chromatographic separation of polar and non-polar glucosinolates from broccoli sprouts and seeds.Yanaka A, Fahey JW, Fukumoto A, et al. Dietary sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts reduce colonization and attenuate gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-infected mice and humans.Broccoli sprout extract induces detoxification-related gene expression and attenuates acute liver injury. .
What is the safe way to eat broccoli sprouts?
For people at “high risk” for food poisoning, severe and life-threatening illness may result from consuming raw or lightly cooked sprouts.People with weakened immune systems, children, the elderly and pregnant women should not eat any variety of raw or lightly-cooked sprouts. .
Better Boost From Broccoli Sprouts?
They’re sold in the local farmers’ market, and the seller told me that they’re 10 times as nutritious as mature broccoli.A team at Johns Hopkins found that a daily serving of broccoli sprouts reduces a marker for the presence of H. pylori by 40 percent.The researchers noted that eight weeks after the participants in their study stopped eating broccoli sprouts, the marker for H.
pylori returned to pre-treatment levels.The FDA warns against eating raw sprouts because some outbreaks of E. coli or salmonella have been traced to contaminated seeds. .
Broccoli Sprouts: How This Cancer-Fighting Food Promotes Longevity
Broccoli sprouts have skyrocketed in popularity thanks to scientists like Rhoda Patrick and Jed Fahey.Broccoli sprouts belong to the cruciferous vegetable family, which has been studied extensively for their powerful anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.One meta-analysis—a study examining multiple studies—found that those who consumed a larger amount of cruciferous vegetables had a lower risk of mortality.[1-5] Cruciferous vegetables also decrease inflammation markers in humans, one of the leading causes of accelerated aging.When cruciferous vegetables are chewed or chopped (or broken down in some way), an enzyme called myrosinase is released and reacts with glucoraphanin.To sum it up, sulforaphane is the end product of an enzymatic reaction that occurs when we consume cruciferous vegetables.Broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, and cauliflower are among the most widely consumed sources of sulforaphane.When put to the test in humans, sulforaphane intake, particularly via broccoli sprouts, shows a wide range of health benefits.The experimental group excreted significantly higher amounts of the human carcinogen benzene (as much as 61%!When looking at markers of cardiovascular disease (the #1 cause of mortality in the United States), the consumption of broccoli sprouts also shows promising results.Similarly, patients with type 2 diabetes had reduced triglycerides and improved cardiovascular health markers after ingesting 10g/day of broccoli sprout powder for four weeks.The research indicates that broccoli sprouts have very potent beneficial effects, including their potential to reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease.Purchasing broccoli sprouts from the supermarket can be quite expensive, but growing them yourself is a cheap and convenient alternative.Interestingly, you can increase the availability of sulforaphane in broccoli by adding mustard seed powder to it.One study found that, when mustard powder was added to cooked broccoli, it increased the bioavailability of sulforaphane by over four times.This mainly stems from the growing conditions of sprouts—temperature, pH level, water activity, etc.—which are also all ideal for the growth of potential pathogens.As mentioned above, studies show that just 100mg (½ cup) of broccoli sprouts can improve markers of cholesterol and oxidative stress. .
Health Benefits of Eating Raw Sprouts – Cleveland Clinic
These include broccoli, alfalfa, mustard green and red clover sprouts.Some of the more popular sprouts include alfalfa, mung bean, red clover and broccoli.Says Ilic, “They’re grown like regular plants, not in that warm water environment like sprouts.” Brussels sprouts are actually in the same family as cabbage, kale, broccoli and cauliflower.“Sprouts carry essential vitamins, minerals, fiber and are a great source of antioxidants,” says Ilic.Sprouts can also carry other nutrients like B vitamins and minerals like phosphorus and magnesium.While they’re nutritious, sprouts also run a risk of carrying foodborne illnesses like E. coli and salmonella.Most sprout seeds are grown in warm, humid conditions which are conducive to bacterial growth.“When they’re harvested and packaged for sale, there’s the chance of a foodborne illness being passed that way, too, if the people who handled them didn’t practice good hand hygiene.”.These risks are further compounded by the fact that many prefer to eat sprouts raw which means no cooking process to kill off any bacteria.Those risks are high and prevalent enough that the FDA has issued recommendations and guidance for producers of sprouts.“Since most outbreaks of sprout-related foodborne illness are associated with the contaminated seeds, it is no safer to grow sprouts at home than to get them from a store,” Ilic says.Ilic says, “Once you have fresh sprouts home, they should be chilled and stored in a refrigerator that can keep them at or below 40 degrees Fahrenheit.”. .
This M.D. Wants You to Eat More Broccoli Sprouts, But What Are
Apparently, they're little nutrient-packed sprigs that carry the health-promoting properties of broccoli in a more concentrated form, according to Dr. Perlmutter's video post.Broccoli sprouts are basically the baby version of broccoli—what grows from the dirt before the seeds turn into a full bushel.Similar to other greens, broccoli sprouts taste fresh and clean, but have a bit more of a grassy flavor, says Bruning.Research backs up sulforaphane's ability to stave off cancer, as well as the potential to reduce the risk of heart disease and diabetes.Other smaller studies show that the nutrients in broccoli sprouts in particular, including sulforaphane, can help people with cancer live longer and lower inflammation in overweight individuals.In addition to fighting off serious illness, broccoli sprouts contain a solid amount of dietary fiber to keep you full.A cup of the sprouts also contains about 60 percent of the vitamin C you need in a day, which can help you sidestep sickness, says Bruning.Evans suggests looking for organic broccoli seeds made for sprouting online or at the grocery or health food store.Then, put 2 tablespoons of the seeds in a mason jar, cover them with filtered water, secure with a mesh lid and let them soak for five hours in a cool spot, away from sunlight, at a temperature of about 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit.While all the experts say broccoli sprouts taste best served fresh, you can also store them in the freezer to expand their life.Evans suggests putting a few sprouts in ice cube trays (roll them into a ball), top with water, and freeze, so you can easily pop 'em in your smoothie.One crucial step before you eat broccoli sprouts: Wash them thoroughly, as they have a higher risk of carrying E.
coli than other veggies, says Bruning. .
Are Broccoli Sprouts Safe for Cats?
If your cat has seizures, loses consciousness or has difficulty breathing, call your vet or a pet poison control hotline immediately. .
7 Tips for Growing Safe Sprouted Grains
Historically, sprouts have been targeted as a source of E. coli, Listeria and Salmonella outbreaks that caused a number of illnesses across the U.S.Additionally, sprouts, just like any other food, are subject to cross-contamination from external sources during harvesting, transport and storage at your local grocery store.This could include run-off from animal agriculture systems, manure used to fertilize plants and using contaminated water to wash produce.When sprouting at home, it’s important to keep in mind some quick tips to limit the growth of harmful bacteria during the process.Seeds from legumes and grains have a high carbohydrate content, which can be a perfect place for bacteria to grow and reproduce.Bacteria prefer to grow and reproduce the fastest between 70° to 125° F.
Make sure to keep your sprouts in a cooler, darker portion of your kitchen away from direct sunlight.In that case, simply steam or sauté the sprouts in a dish that is heated to 145°F for at least 15 seconds in order to kill any harmful bacteria that might be lurking. .
Raw Sprouts: Benefits and Potential Risks
Researchers also note that rats given sprouts may benefit from blood cholesterol improvements similar to those resulting from taking the cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin ( 18 ).In comparison, those given lower amounts of broccoli sprout powder or none did not benefit from significant changes to their levels of triglycerides or HDL cholesterol ( 20 ). .
